1. 1. Several previous studies were conducted in the Damietta Port area to determine the reasons for the appearance of large amounts of sedimentation annually in the navigational channel.
   2. The winds and waves in the region were studied, which shows the effect of breakwaters in transporting sediments from one place to another as a result of the winds in the region, in addition to the places of siltation and erosion resulting from the existence of breakwaters.
   3. A comprehensive report was issued on the winds and waves in the relevant area in an effort to examine the area and detect the previous problems encountered by the port in terms of sedimentation and silt, which results in sedimentation within the port basin and the navigational channel.
   4. It was proven that the lengths of the current breakwaters are insufficient to prevent the sediments movement in the area of the port entrance and the beginning of the navigational channel, as the port was established on a land area where the peak of the western breakwater exceeding a depth of 7.0 meters and the eastern breakwater 5.3 meters, which places the peaks of the breakwaters within the area of the sea current flow. Many earlier studies have shown that approximately 65% of the sedimentation amounts occur in the first 3.5 kilometers of the navigational channel.
   5. Navigational channel facing the northeastern direction, which constitutes a trap for sands that may be carried by sea currents parallel to the shoreline, whether coming from the eastern direction or the western direction. The water level variability and the increased in the navigational channel depth result in pacifying sea currents parallel to the shoreline and reducing their speed, which leads to the accumulation of the sedimentary load they carry.

When the port was built, it was estimated, according to the designer’s calculations, that the average annual dredging volume would be about 1.18 million cubic meters, but the annual dredging rates have exceeded this limit, reaching 2.0 million cubic meters annually in 1990. In 2014, for example, the cost of dredging reached the equivalent of 8.12 million dollars at the time to dredge 1.744 million cubic meters of navigational channel.